The Jesuits -- The School Masters of Europe [audio 45min]

Founded in the 16th century by the soldier Ignatius Loyola, the Catholic religious order of the Jesuits became a major force throughout the world, from China to South America. 'Give us a boy and we will return you a man, a citizen of his country and a child of God", they declared. By the 17th century there were more than 500 schools established across Europe. Their ideas about a standardised curriculum and teaching became the basis for many education systems today. They were also among the greatest patrons of art in early modern Europe, using murals and theatre to get their message across. However, their alleged influence over monarchs, their wealth and their adaptability to local customs abroad provoked suspicion, prompting their eventual suppression in the late 18th century. They were re-established in 1814 and now have more than 20,000 members. So why was education so important to the Jesuit movement? How much influence did they really have in the courts of Europe and in the colonies? And were they really at the heart of conspiracies to murder kings? Presenter Melvyn Bragg investigates the history of ideas and debates their application in modern life with his guests Nigel Aston, Reader in Early Modern History at the University of Leicester; Simon Ditchfield, Reader in History at the University of York; and Dame Olwen Hufton, Emeritus Fellow of Merton College, Oxford. Baron Bragg -- historian, journalist, novelist -- is Controller of Arts for London Weekend Television.