With support from the University of Richmond

History News Network puts current events into historical perspective. Subscribe to our newsletter for new perspectives on the ways history continues to resonate in the present. Explore our archive of thousands of original op-eds and curated stories from around the web. Join us to learn more about the past, now.

Froma Harrop: The Population Boomerang in Iran

[Froma Harrop is an independent-minded, liberal writer and author. She is best known for her twice-a-week syndicated column which appears in about 200 newspapers including the Seattle Times, Philadelphia Inquirer, Denver Post, Dallas Morning News, Houston Chronicle, Detroit News, and Miami Herald.]

Iranian students are engaging this week in Round Two of their street-level struggle for reform. Round One took place last June, when young people protested the fixed re-election of President Mahmoud Ahmadinejad.

About 30 people died in those huge demonstrations. That was a remarkably low number given the brutal tendencies of the hardliners and the in-your-face challenge of the protestors. The old leaders had clearly pulled the choke-leash on their Basij paramilitaries. They understood that they were not dealing with downtrodden masses that they could mow down without enormous consequences.

The maxim "demographics is destiny" helps explain this careful behavior by the side with the guns. Iran's plunging fertility rate has created a different kind of young person, one with a sense of entitlement. These students are educated. They own cell phones. They have ambition.

"No wonder the explosion on the streets of Iran this year seemed like a clash between two worlds," The Economist says in a cover story about falling fertility across the globe. In one corner were Iranians between 15 and 29, one-third of the total population, "better educated and with different expectations." In the other corner was the "established regime and the traditionalists."

Most developing countries have seen significant drops in their fertility rates -- the average number of children women have in their childbearing years. Between 1950 and 2000, the number of children borne by women in poor countries has fallen from an average of six to three.

The Economist links the trend to better education, greater wealth and more political stability. It notes that Congo, Liberia and Sierra Leone, countries that haven't lowered their fertility rates, are still ravaged by war.

Watching the recent events in Iran, one must regard the American right's hostility toward family planning programs with wonderment. The Bush administration went to war against a radical Islam that feeds off exploding populations of young, frustrated males -- while withholding money from the United Nations Population Fund. It boggles the mind times-three.

Iran's demographic story is amazing. One of the first things the mullahs did after taking over in 1979 was to crush family planning services. They wanted to build an Islamic population bomb. Little did they know that the bomb might later fall on them...
Read entire article at Rasmussen Reports